urbahn



(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Shet 4. A. URBAHN.

LOOM.

Patented Sept. 8, 1885.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALWILL URBAHN, or PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR or ONE-HALF TO ABRAHAM e. JENNINGS, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

LOQM.

QPECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 326,071, dated September 8, 1885.

Application filed May 31, 1884. (No model.)

Io aZZ whom it may concern/.

Be it known that I,- ALWILL URBAHN, a resident of Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, have invented an Improvement in Looms, of whichthe following is a full, clear, and exact description, refence being made to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical central section of a,

loom containing my improvements. Fig. 2 is a top view, partly in section, of the Jacquard attachment, which is applied to said loom, the same being shown on an enlarged scale. Fig. 3isa vertical section of the same, taken on the line 0 c, Fig. 2, and looking in the direction of the arrows 1, which are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, said Fig. 3 showing, also, part of the frame of the loom and part of the mechanism with which the Jacquard mechanism engages. Fig. 4 is a similar section to Fig. 3, showing the parts of the Jacquard mechanism, however, in a different position. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are detail views of parts pertaining to said Jacquard mechanism. Fig. 7 is a vertical cross-section taken on the line a: m, Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a face view of a figure-thread heddleframe, showing, also, its connection with the frame of the loom and part of the mechanism for operating the heddle-frame. Fig. 9 is a face view of the ground-warp-thread heddleframes, showing, also, their connection with the frame of the loom and part of the mechanism for operating the heddle-frames. Fig. 10 is a vertical central section of the loom, showing the parts in different position from that in which they are shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 11 isa detail perspective view, on an enlarged scale, of the figure-thread guide invented by me, and Fig. 12 is a detail side view of the same.

This invention comprises improvements on the loom which is described in Letters Patent No. 289, 731, which were granted me December The principal object of the invention is to supply the loom with an attachment, through wli'icjhfthe movements of the figure-thread heddles and ground-warp-thread heddles can begovernea by means similar to a Jacquard attachment, so that the attendant in working the treadles will produce the requsite design without giving further attention to the details" thereof.

The invention consists in combining with p the treadles of the loom which is described in said patent a rock-shaft, which connects and combines with means for moving the Jacquard cards and with slides which regulate the motion of the heddles, all as hereinafter more fully described.

The invention also consists in other details of improvement, that are hereinafter more clearly pointed out.

In the drawings, the letter A represents the frame of the loom. Bis thebeam, from which the ground warp-threads for the foundation fabric are taken. These warp-threads are marked a and b in Figs. 1 and 10, and are carried through the heddles or needles of the bed die-frames O and D. These heddle-frames G and D are more fully shown in Fig. 9. They are quadrilateral frames, the top bars of which are at their ends guided in grooved cheek-pieces h of a frame, E. These heddle-frames are each provided with a series of needles or heddles, d, l

which project downward in the heddle-frame, G, and upward in the heddleframe D, as shown in Fig. 9. The needles d are perforated near their points or free ends, as described in my beforementioned Letters Patent No. 289,731.

The heddle-frame G is suspended by rods 6 from beams f, that are pivoted to the frame A of the loom, and from which is also suspended by rods g the heddle-frame D, all as clearly shown in Fig. 9. The frames 0 and D at their ends are guided in the grooved cheek-'- pieces hof a frame, E, which cheek-pieces are pivoted at 13 t to the frame A of the loom. The frame E is connected, as appears from Fig. 9, by pivotal connections with the uprights j of a frame, F, which uprights are pivoted at Z to the frame A. The lower horizontal bar of the heddle-fraine O connects by a cord, m, with a treadle, G The lower horizontal-bar of the heddleframe D connects by. a cord n,with another treadle, 0 It follows 95 that whenever the treadle C is depressed, the 1 heddle-frame D will be drawn down, and by its connection 9 f c with the heddlc'fra'me C will cause the latter to be moved up. This will close the shed of the warp-threads, leav- IOO ing the frames 0 D in the position shown in Fig. 9. \Vhen next the lower cross-bar, 7c, of the frame F is moved sidewise, the frame E will be vibrated on the pivots z, and the heddle-frames OD thereby laterally displaced, so that each needle of the heddle-frame G will, during such lateral displacement, pass over a needle of the heddle-frame D and rest above a space between two needles of said heddleframe D. When next the treadle O is lowered, 0 being let go, the cord m is pulled, thereby lowering the heddle-frame O and raising the heddle-frame D, thus opening the shed of the warp.

I have stated this much of the operation in order to make it clear to the reader of this specification how the mechanism should be organized, by means of which the heddleframes 0 and D receive their appropriate motion. I would add that the ends of the frames 0 and D, where they are guided in the cheek,

pieces h of the frame E, bear against frictionrollers, that are indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 9, so that said heddle-frames may share in the traversing movement of the frame E, and nevertheless be free to be moved up or down, as has been stated.

The ground warp-threads a b, after having passed through the heddle-frames C and D, are passed through the pillars of the reed I, and after having received the shuttle-threads and the figure-threads, the whole fabric is passed over the beam J, and finally wound upon a beam, L. This beam L connects by a cross-belt, 0,with the beam B, as shownin Figs. 1 and 10.

The reed [is of the same construction as the lower reed, I, described and shown in Patent No. 289,731.

Intermittent rotary motion is imparted to the beam J by pawland-ratchet connection with one of the treadles C and said beam J, when turned by drawing forward the warpthreads a b, will cause the beam B to be turned to deliver the warp-threads a b, and the beam B will, by its belt-connection 0, cause the beam L to be turned in the same ratio, to wind up as much of the completed fabric as corresponds with the amount of warp-thread taken off the beam B by such motion.

The ratchet mechanism for imparting intermittent rotary motion to the beam J is of wellknown construction, and is clearly indicated by dotted lines in the left-hand part of Fig. 10. It consists of a strap, 2, one end of which is attached to the treadle 0 or to an intermediate lever operated therefrom, and the other end to a weighted lever, 3, after passing over a pulley, 4, that is attached to the frame of the loom. The lever 3 is pivoted to the frame of the loom, and carries a pawl, 5, which engages into a ratchet-wheel, 6. 7 is a detent which prevents the wheel 6 from moving backward. The axis of the wheel 6 carries a pinion that drives the cog-wheel 8. The axis of this also carries a pinion that drives a cogwheel, 9, that is fixed to the beam J. Whenever the treadle C is depressed, the pawl 5 turns the wheel 6 and thereby the beam J to the desired extent and in the desired direction.

The reed I is mounted in a lay or batten, I, which is pivoted to the frame A, as shown in Fig. 1, and is moved by hand, being pro- Vided with a handle or cross-b21319, for that purpose.

The figure cords or threads u for ornamenting the face of the fabric are taken from spools M M and carried over a fixed rod, q, around a friction-roller, r, thence over another rod, 8, thence over rollers t that are hung in levers or beams B, as shown, and finally through the heddle-frames N N, which in this machine are capable of up and down and also of lateral movement, as will be hereinafter more fully described. Each of the heddle-frames N N is a quadrilateral frame, and hasv a series of downwardly -p'rojecting needles, (1, like the needles of the heddle-frames O D, and the figure-threads are drawn through the holes which are near the free ends of these needles. By so arranging the heddle-frames N N that they can be moved laterally as well as vertically I do away with the use of the upper reed, which has been described as the reed P in my above-mentioned Patent No. 289,731.

In order to p'revent the figure-threads from becoming entangled with one another as they pass around the roller '1', I attach to the frame A a bar, 0, in such a position (see Figs. 10, 11, 12) that pins '0, which are secured in said bar, will pass between the several figure cords that reach from the bar q to the roller 1", while other pins, w, which also project from the bar 0, pass between the figure-threads, where they extend from the roller 1" to the bar 8. By thus winding the figurethreads around the drum or rollerr and combining therewith the bar 0, having the pins '17 and w, I keep the figure-threads in proper tension, and absolutely prevent entanglement thereof.

The heddle-frames N N are suspended from weighted beams R R, which are hung in the frame A, and which have a tendency to hold said heddle frames in the raised position. Each heddle-frame N is connected with a downwardly-projecting jointed rod, S, which at its lower end forms ahook, 00. (See Fig. 3.) This hook can be aligned, as will be hereinafter more fully shown, with a hook-like projection, g of the treadle C", so that upon depressing such treadleG the hook at, which is aligned with it, will be engaged and the corresponding heddle-frameN drawn down.

Each heddle-frame N enters at its ends between the cheek-pieces z of a larger quadrangular frame, T, the uprights of which are pivoted at a (see Fig. 8) to the frame A of the loom. When the frame T is moved on said pivots a, the heddle-frame N will be laterally displaced, and yet the said heddle-frame is capable of up-and-down motion. Small friction-rollers b are hung in the frame T between the. cheek-pieces z, and against these the end of the frame N bears, so that said frame N may move up and down freely when required.

Each frame 0, D, N, and T has the four bars which constitute it united by pivotal connections; hence said frames are jointed frames.

It remains to show how the heddle-frames G, D, and N- are moved laterally whenever required to produce the requisite design of fabric. For this purpose I provide each frame T witha downwardly-projecting shouldered rod, U, which is pivoted to it, and likewise pivoted to each frame'F a downwardly-projecting shouldered rod, U Each rod U and each rod-U enters a cavity or socket provided for its reception in one of a series of slides, V V V V, 850., eight such slides being shown in Fig.2, the said slides being sup ported in the framing A of the loom, so that they are capable of moving in the direction of their length horizontally, which is transversely to the position of the loom. The slide V, which is shown in Fig. 2, receives the shouldered rod U of the frame F. The slides V and V that are shown in Fig. 2, receive. the shouldered rods U U of twoframes T. It is evident that any-other number of such slides may be used in a loom, according as there are more or less heddle-frames employed in thesame. The slides V V, which do not rcceiveany of the projections U U embrace the shanks of the jointed rods S, which are connected with the figure heddle-framesN N. Some of the slides, as V ViV, as herein, may not be utilized at all in the making of certain fabrics, but may be reserved sothat they can be used for more complex fabrics. a 3

Each slidehas at its ends a series of projecting pins, (1 and e, which, as is more fully shown in Figs. 3 and 4, are of varying lengths on thesame slide and of varying lengths in the different vslides,"the differences in the lengths being equal to or multiplesofthe dis tances between other pins, f which project upwardly from said slides. The horizontal pins (1 and e of these slides pass through perforations in cross-bars g" of the frame A, and

serve as supports and guides for the movable slides. l

In the frame A is-hung a rock shaft,W, which connects by straps 72. andt' with the treadles C" and 0 respectively, 'said straps being s'ecuredto a disk, j which is mounted uponsaid shaft W. (8% Figs. 1 and 2.)

Whenever either of these treadles is depressed, I

the shaft W isturned in one direction. Then when the other treadle is depressed the said shaft W is turned in the opposite direction. Cranks Z on said shaft WV connect by rods m with blocks M, which are capable of sliding horizontally on' guide-pins 0 that project" from the frame A. In these blocks n are hung the two Jacquard cylinders A socalled, the same beinglperforated prisms of the usual kind employed in Jacquard attachments: One

face of each of these Jacquard cylinders is al ways aligned with the ends of the end rods, d e, which project fromthe slides V, 850. V The cards B are placed around the cylinder A in the usual manner, the upper parts of the chains of cards being placed around suitable drums. Whenever thetreadle O is depressed, the shaft W will be turned in one direction so as to cause the connecting-rods in" to drawthe cylinders A toward one another, thus bringing them into the position shown in Fig. 4. This movement of the cylinders A and of the cards 13, which they carry, will affect the slides V V, &c., in such manner as to move them according to the perforations in the card and lengths of pins 01 and e in other words, each slide is set so as- Hence by this moveto be produced may require such adjustment, and at the same time the dependent hooks S of those figure heddle-frames that are to be moved vertically are brought into position for i being moved by the treadle C. When, now,

the treadle O' -is depressed, it will lower all thosefigure heddle-framesN whosehooks S were brought towardsaid treadle by the action of the cards. Thus it isscen that by this J ac 1 quard attachment, so far as Ihave-already described it, lam enabled to move the warp heddle-frames and also the figure heddleframes laterally, and also todraw down those figure heddle-frames which may be required.

to be lowered for the particular design to be produced.

phase" of the Having thus indicated in general terms how this J acqu ardattachment operates, Iwill proceed to describe'its construction more fully,so

as to showhow the cylinders Aare turned,

and how the slides V, 810. are locked andun= locked. l

When the treadle C? is lowered, the connect ing-rodsm push the cylinders A apartinto the position, finally, which is shown in Fig.3,

but on the way outa ribbed disk, 1)", on each cylinder A encountersja hook, q", which' is pivoted to the frame A, and which causes said cylinder to be turned, (see dotted lines in Fig. 4;) but this turning of the cylinders is not part of my invention, being common to allthe J ae- Each cylinder is held at quard mechanisms. the proper angle, so far as its working-face is concerned, bya spring-operated slide,r of the kind usually employed in Jacquard mechanisms. Whenever the slides V V, &c.,have been moved by means of the card into, anew position, the pins f which project upwardly from them, are transversely aligned in every new position, to receive in one of the spaces between them the cross-bar U-shape'd anchor-frame or locking-frame, D which is ivoted to the frame A. Thus in Fig. 2 the slides are shown locked by the said frame D the cross-bar of which enters the space between transverse rows of pins f on said slides V V", &c. The difference in the lengths of the several pins-d and e" is such that no matter how the slides V may be moved by means of the cards, the piusf will always form a channel for the reception of the cross-bar of this locking-frame D I have stated that when ever the slides V have been moved into a new position, they are locked by said frame D, which is dropped between the pinsf This locking of said slides is essential, as otherwise the lateral position of the heddle-frames would not be fixed as it ought to be during the op erationof the loom. WVhen, now, the treadle ,0 is depressed, the slides V V", &c., remain locked by the frame D but when afterward the treadle G is again depressed to bring the cards together, the slides should be unlocked. For this purpose I attach to the shaft W a cam-like projection, 8 which faces a small pin, i that projectsoutwardly from the frame D The cam-like projection s has pivoted to it a curved plate, a which is pivoted at one end, and at the same pivoted end connects with a spring, 0 while its other end has a guide-pin, w, that passes through a guide-slot in the plate 8 The guided end, which is the non-pivoted end, of this curved plate a is rounded, as shown in Fig. 7, and normally held by the spring as near to the shaft W as the guideslot will permit. In this position the point or free end of said curved plate is about as much nearer to the center of the shaft W than the pivoted end of said curved plate as the pin t is thick. VV-hen the treadle G" is depressed, the free end of the curved plate u enters beneath the pin t the shaft W being at this time turned in the direction of the arrow 2, which is shown in Fig. 7, and by its eccentric form the said curved plate, entering as it does beneath the pin t thereby lifts the locking-frame D so as to clear the pins f and allow the slides V V &c., to be moved. The rotation imparted to the shaft W by turning the treadleG is of such extent that when completed it will cause the pin 15 to drop off the pivoted end of the plate a, and thereby relock the slides V V 850., in the new position which by this time they have received. This locking is not to be interfered with at the time the treadle O is lowered, nor will it be, because at this time the plate a will travel over the pin t until the free end of said plate shall have wholly passed said pin. While the shaft W is revolved in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow in Fig. 7, and while the pin 13 is under the curved plate 113, the latter yields outwardly as the motion progresses, so as to permit the pin to clear the curved plate toward the end of the motion,when the spring 12 will again throw the curved plate with its free end as near to the shaft W as the guide-slot will permit.

Having now described the general construction of theloom, and intimated the operation of its various parts, I will recapitulate the operation.

The ground warp-threads having been.

wound upon the beam 13 and drawn through the needles of the ground-warp heddle-frames O D, and then passed around the beam J, operations may be begun. The attendant, if this is a hand-loom, depresses always first the treadle C) and next the treadle 0 If this be a power-loom, the levers which would correspond to these treadles will be depressed in the same order; and I desire it to be understood thatwheneverI use the term treadle in this description I wish to have included levers, which, when turned by machinery,will perform the same function as treadles.

Whenever the treadle G which should be depressed first, is depressed, its effect will be to pull on the cord n, thereby lowering the warp heddle-frame D and raising the warp heddle frame 0. This brings the needles d of these warp heddle-frames into the position indicated in Fig. 9, leaving the shed closed. The samemovement of thetreadle O displaces the slides V V", 800., in the Jacquard attachment already described, and moves particularly the slide V, which connects by the rod U with the frame F, thereby laterally moving the warp heddle-frames G and D. This lateral motion is imparted to the warp heddle-frames at every depression of the treadle 0 without any exception whatsoever. The downward movement of the treadle C also causes those other slides V 860., to be moved, which will bring the desired figure heddle-frames into a new position laterally, and which will bring the desired hook S into possible engagement with the treadle O", the shed being still closed; but all the heddle-frames having received their proper position laterally, and the slides V V", 850., having been relocked by the lockingframe D the treadle O is now let go, and the treadle O is depressed. As

soon as the treadle C is depressed, it will draw by the cord m on the warp heddle-frame C, pulling that down, thereby raising the warp heddle-frame D, thus opening the warpshed. Pulling down on the treadle 0 also causes it to draw on the hook S. which may have been brought near it, and thereby to lower the figure heddle-frame, which may have to be brought into the lower part of the shed, leaving the other figure heddle-frames up. The motion of the treadle C also causes the cards B to be moved into position for the next stroke. The shuttle can now be thrown and the reed I moved to beat the shuttlethread home. By depressing the treadle C the beam J is also turned, so as to feed the fabric already made further ahead. All the finished.fabric in this loom passes to the beam L, and for this purpose through the spaces (marked X in Figs. 8 and 9) that are formed in the respective heddle-frames. This leaves much room for winding the finished fabric onto the final beam L, whileif it were enough to bring its or their figure-threads between the pillars of the reed I, each cord being just long enough to cause, when the treadle (J is depressed, such figure-threads to be in the upper shed andxyet between the pillars of the reed.

Before the treadle O is depressed the weights of the beams R will raise the heddleframes N high enough to carry the-figurethreads out of the pillars of the reed I, so as to permit of the lateral adjustment of such figure-threads. When this has been accomplished, the treadle 0 is depressed, as already described, and one of the effects of its depression is to bring the figure-threads for the upper part of the shed into the spaces between the upwardlyprojecting pillars of said reed I. v

I claim- I 1. The combination of the spool-creel for carrying the figure-threads with the bar q, roller 1*, bar 8, and bar. 0, said bar 0 having pins 22 and w, which enter between the figurethreads and project between the bar q and roller 1*, and between the bars and roller r, respectively, as specified.

2. The combination of the jointed'heddleframe N with mechanism, substantially as described, for moving it up and down, the pivoted quadrangular frame T, which embraces the frame N, and has cheek-pieces z, and roll ers b and mechanism, substantially as described, for vibrating the frame T, as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination of the heddle-frames O D with mechanism,substantially as described, for moving them vertically at the same time, and with the pivoted frame E and with the pivoted frame F, having uprights j, and mech anism, substantially as described, for vibrating the frame F, as specified.

4. The combination of the slide V with the ground-warp heddle-frames O D, shouldered rod U and pivoted frames E and F, and

with means, substantially as described, for;

moving said slide V, as specified.

5. The combination of the figure heddle frame N with the jointed hook S, treadle 0 having projection y, pivoted frame T, shouldered rod U, and Jacquard slides V V and means, substantially as described, for operating said slides, as specified.

6. The combination of the heddle-frames O D N with outer pivoted frames, E F T,

and means, substantially as described, for" jointed hook S, rods U U, slides V V V moving said slides, treadles G 0 and cords m a, the treadle' 0 having the projection y, substantially as herein shown and described.

7. The Jacquard slides V V V provided with the projecting pins (1 e 'of unequal lengths, and with the upwardly-projecting pins f in combination with the locking-frame D and means, substantially as described, for moving said Jacquard slides and said lockingframe, as specifiedf 8. The combination of the treadles G 0 straps h i and rock-shaft W, having cranks P, with the rods m, blocks a, Jacquard cylinders A", and Jacquard slides V V, substantially as and for the purpose described.

9. The combination of the oscillating shaft W, and means, substantially as described, for turning it alternately in opposite directions, with the cam-projection s, curved plate u, spring a, guide-pin w, frame D, and pin t thereon, substantially as described.

10. The combination of the treadles G G with the cords m, a, and w, hook projection y, heddle-frames G D N, hooks S, and means,

substantially as described, for moving said heddle-frames laterally, and controlling the position of the hooks S, as set forth.

11. The combination of the heddle-frames C D N, having perforated needle-like heddles d, with the single reed I and its batten, frames E, F,and T, and means for moving said heddleframes vertically, and for moving the frames E, F, and T laterally, as specified.

A'LWILL URBAHN.

Witnesses:

GUSTAV SGHNEPPE, WILLY G. E. ScHULTz. 

